International Joint Venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Joint Venture - Essay Example The organization could be present moment or brief with the end goal that it stops to exist subsequent to meeting its objective, for example, in the event of undertakings. Some of IJV organizations are long haul and keep going for longer periods. During the development of joint endeavors, the organizations or organizations consolidate their benefits, which could be in material structure or elusive such abilities just as mechanical information. Joint endeavors help in authorizing, diversifying just as in fare of organization items. This paper centers around why organizations decide to go into a worldwide joint endeavor, reasons why universal joint endeavors fizzle and things that should be possible to expand the achievement pace of International Joint Ventures. Kinds of Joint Ventures Joint endeavors take various structures relying upon goals of the banding together organizations. A few organizations may choose to co-work through marking of agreement. This is for instance reasonable if a little organization needs to shape coordinated effort with another bigger organization to upgrade deal and conveyance of specific items. A genuine model is the Joint endeavor between Tata engines and Fiat, which has been examined under the explanations behind development of joint endeavors. The joint endeavor helped Fiat showcase its diesel motors. Another kind of adventure involves concocting another joint organization where each accomplice has a particular number of offers to empower division of costs and benefits. This alternative works best when the undertaking included is a long haul or transient agreement. Another association choice is finished converging of the organizations engaged with the association. When choosing the sort of joint dare to get into, it is pivotal for the accomplices to comprehend the duties of each gathering just as the hazard associated with the endeavor. It is additionally critical to look for legitimate guidance in settling on the choice of the suit able endeavor. A legitimate understanding ought to likewise be marked between the accomplices to determine on sharing of salary or resources in the event of disappointment of the endeavor (Gutterman, 2002, p.32-35; Yan and Luo, 2001, p.181-183). Why Companies Enter Into International Joint Ventures Companies go into association for different reasons. The significant explanation behind organizations going into International Joint endeavors is for financial reasons clarified by various speculations, which incorporate exchange cost financial aspects, asset based hypothesis, exchange esteem hypothesis, genuine alternatives hypothesis, and expanded returns hypothesis (Gutterman, 2002, p.168-173; Yan and Luo, 2001, p.233-236). Exchange cost financial matters is a hypothesis planned by Williamson, which expect that arrangement of IJCs helps in re-appropriating since availability of assets, for example, income and administrations, gets simpler. The organizations can trade mechanical thought s and new business thoughts while the market run is likewise extended. A model is the Tata Motors and Fiat joint endeavor, which was shaped to fabricate vehicles from both Tata and Fiat at a decreased expense. In this joint endeavor, Tata engines purchases diesel motors from Fiat. On the other

Charlotte Beers at Ogilvy Mather Worldwide free essay sample

Harvard Business School 9-495-031 Rev. October 12, 1999 Charlotte Beers at Ogilvy Mather Worldwide (An) It was December 1993, and during the previous 18 months, Charlotte Beers possessed discovered little energy for reflection. Since taking over as CEO and director of Ogilvy Mather Worldwide in 1992, Beers had concentrated every one of her endeavors on graphing another course for the world’s 6th biggest promoting office. The way toward creating a dream with her senior supervisory crew had beenâ€by all accountsâ€painful, muddled, and confused. Brews, in any case, was satisfied with the outcomes. Ogilvy Mather was currently dedicated to turning out to be â€Å"the office generally esteemed by the individuals who most worth brands. † During the previous year, the organization had recovered, extended, or won a few significant records. Certainty and vitality seemed, by all accounts, to be coming back to an organization the press had named â€Å"beleaguered† just two years sooner. However, Beers detected that the change exertion was as yet delicate. We will compose a custom article test on Charlotte Beers at Ogilvy Mather Worldwide or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page â€Å"Brand Stewardship,† the agency’s theory for building brands, was not surely known beneath the top level of officials who had worked with Beers to build up the idea. In 1950, Ogilvy’s battle for Hathaway highlighted a recognized man with a bruised eye fix, a thought that expanded deals by 160% 1David Ogilvy, Blood, Beer, and Advertising (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1977). Research Associate Nicole Sackley arranged this case under the oversight of Professor Herminia Ibarra as the reason for class conversation instead of to show either powerful or ineffectual treatment of a managerial circumstance. Copyright  © 1995 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To arrange duplicates or solicitation consent to imitate materials, call 1-800-545-7685, compose Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http://www. hbsp. harvard. edu. No piece of this distribution might be repeated, put away in a recovery framework, utilized in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any structure or by any meansâ€electronic, mechanical, copying, recording, or otherwiseâ€without the consent of Harvard Business School. 1 495-031 Charlotte Beers at Ogilvy Mather Worldwide (An) and ran for a long time. Different well known battles included Maxwell House’s â€Å"Good to the Last Drop† propelled in 1958 and American Express’s â€Å"Don’t Leave Home Without It,† which appeared in 1962. Men of their word with Brains David Ogilvy permeated his agency’s culture with the equivalent â€Å"first class† center that he requested of innovative work. Workers were â€Å"gentlemen with brains,† treating customers, shoppers, and each other with deference. â€Å"The purchaser isn't a moron,† rebuked Ogilvy. In a particularly British manner, collegiality and affableness were exceptionally esteemed: â€Å"We hate mercilessness.

Turning a Passion into a Profession

Turning a Passion into a Profession I wasn’t always a professional writer, although I’ve always been passionate about writing. Ten years ago, I was an aspiring writer. Seven years ago, I was a published writer, but my passion wasn’t paying the bills. Now, as I turn 30, it occurs to me that I’ve been making my living via the written word, in some capacity or another, for over five years. The most common response when people find out that I’m a writer is, “I want to be a writer, too! How did you do it?” Reflecting on this question, I’ve identified three steps I followed, and Im still following, to turn my passion into my profession. I didn’t have a guide when I started this journey; I had to discover the steps myself, with a great deal of trial and error. By sharing what I’ve learned, I hope that I can give you the head start I didn’t have. 1. Recognize That There Are No Points for Aspiration If you’ve just been thinking about writingâ€"even if you’ve been thinking for years about writingâ€"you are not a writer. You’re someone who’s just been thinking about writing. You can certainly keep aspiring if you want to, but doing so is evidence that you don’t really want to be a writer. You’re actually losing points aspiringâ€"as well as time. So, either start writing, or recognize that you don’t actually want to be a writer, and then put that energy instead toward something you care about enough to do more than just aspire to. 2. Know That Your Worth as a Writer Is Not Defined by How Much You Publish If you write, you’re a writer. Seriously, that’s all you need to do: sit in the chair, put pen to paper or fingers to keyboard, and produce words. The words don’t even need to form coherent sentencesâ€"at least not at first. My first drafts are often close to nonsensical, even though I nearly always sit down with a topic in mind. Most of what I’ve written has gone unpublished, and yet, even when I was working on those pieces, I was still a writer. And if you write, no matter how much or how little your writing is published, you’ll be a writer, too. Before we move on to Step 3, a clarification: You absolutely do not have to be, or want to be, a professional writer to be a passionate writer. If you just want to write clear emails, or cultivate a daily journaling habit, or start a personal blog, or send witty and engaging tweets on a regular basis, then you are still a writer. Kudos to you for making the effort to be better at an important skill and for making the time to pursue your passion. But if you do want to be a professional writer, then here comes the hard part. Because to be a professional, you must 3. Write as If Your Life Depends on It This is the goal of the professional, after all, isn’t it? To get paid for your writing, ideally full time. To feed yourself with the power of your pen. To put a roof over your head with the strength of your written word. To respond, when someone asks, What do you do?, honestly with, I’m a writer. And when they say, But what do you do for work?, reply once again, I’m a writer. I’m not advocating you quit your day job and just write if your writing isn’t yet paying the bills. That would be foolish because there aren’t any guarantees when it comes to becoming a professional writer. But if you want writing to pay the bills, you have to act as if writing is the only thing that can pay the bills. Only then can there be a chance that it might, someday, pay the bills. A Note and a Warning The above advice applies to just about every creative career imaginableâ€"and probably even the supposedly “non-creative” ones. If you want to be a filmmaker, make videos. If you want to be a published filmmaker, put those videos on YouTube. If you want to be a professional filmmaker, make videos as if your life depends on it. Ditto painting, singing, playing an instrument, playing a sport, practicing law, or performing general surgery. A word of warning, though: Step 3 doesn’t end. Ever. You must do it every day. Being a professional writer was my goal for a long time. And it’s still my goal, even though I first achieved it half a decade ago. Every day I sit in the chair, and I write as if my life depends on it. Because I’ve decided that it does. For more writing tips, download Joshua Fields Millburns free ebook, 11 Ways to Write Better, at HowtoWriteBetter.org. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Everyman Is A Late Eighteenth Century Morality Play

â€Å"Everyman is a late fifteenth-century morality play† (Adu-Gyamfi Schmidt, 2011, p. 265). It is also an allegory play, which is â€Å"a description†¦in which the literal events (persons, places, and things) consistently point to a parallel sequence of ideas, values, or other recognizable abstractions† (Kennedy Gioia, 2012, p. 696). This is otherwise known as an allusion. â€Å"This allusion is perceived as the writer’s compassion for everybody who experiences universals fear of death, pain and ageing and realizes absurdity of his/her passing life† (Rusak, 2011). Like in the play, Everyman shows fear of Death because he is not ready for his life to end because of the life he has lived. This play shows that there is only one way to get to Heaven and it is shown to the readers very well, through these allegories. That one way is by performing good deeds. During the play, Everyman does not have a very close relationship with God, but somethin g happens to him to and he ends up changing his ways. Throughout the play, Everyman is challenged and is met by Death and introduced to deceiving characters like; Fellowship, Kindred, Beauty and Strength; meanwhile, in these characters and some others he meets along the way he realizes how death will treat him and just how it will change the person that he was, into the person that he can becomes. Everyman, who is the main character in this play, represents every human being: man, woman, and child; hence Everyman. The play

Analysis Of The Movie The Lottery By Shirley Jackson

Sereen Qader English 1301 Professor Lail April 27 2016 The Unlucky Winner â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story written by Shirley Jackson in late June of 1948. Jackson was born into a middle class family and her parents are Leslie Jackson, who was a stay at home housewife, and Geraldine Jackson, who was an employee of a lithographing company. Jackson loved to write in her early years, as a child she would always write poems and always kept a journal. Although Jackson spent her first few years in California, around her teenage years her family moved to Rochester, New York. Jackson attended the University of Rochester after she graduated from high school for a short period of time, but then later on dropped out after suffering from mental depression that she had and that was to recur periodically throughout her life, Jackson left school to concentrate primarily on writing. However, later on receiving her bachelor s degree at Syracuse University and began working at Syracuse University for the school newspaper, and that is where she met her husband, Stanley Edgar Hyman. After graduating college, Jackson and Hyman got married and moved to Vermont. Jackson wrote many short stories, novels, and memoirs, but is best known for her fictional short story â€Å"The Lottery.† The short story reveals the mysterious, yet meaningless practices of an old tradition previously practiced in small-town America. Although written in 1948, this work remains relevant to the readers of today. TheShow MoreRelatedLuisaldo Mendiola. Professor Price. Engl 1302 Nt6. Research2132 Words   |  9 PagesLuisaldo Mendiola Professor Price ENGL 1302 NT6 Research Essay April 21, 2017 Tradition and the Sheep A Critical Analysis of Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† Traditions are common part of culture and religion in the world today; almost everyone has a tradition that they follow. The traditions you practice can be new and only just have started with your generation or the generation before yours. The traditions could also have been old, spanning many generations before your generation and your parents’Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesRichard Gould, Kenneth King, Marjorie Lee, Elizabeth Perry, Heidi Wackerli, Perry Weddle, Tiffany Whetstone, and the following reviewers: David Adams, California State Polytechnic University; Stanley Baronett, Jr., University of Nevada-Las Vegas; Shirley J. Bell, University of Arkansas at Monticello; Phyllis Berger, Diablo Valley College; Kevin Galvin, East Los Angeles College; Jacquelyn Ann Kegley, California State University-Bakersfield; Darryl Mehring, University of Colorado at Denver; Dean

A Narrow Fellow in the Grass †1 Free Essays

â€Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass† By Emily Dickinson. â€Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass† Is believed to have been written in 1865. About a year later it was published under the title â€Å"The Snake† by a journal called Springfield Republican. We will write a custom essay sample on A Narrow Fellow in the Grass – 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now This poem express nature’s infamous creatures, the snake. The poem is built around what appears to be and what is. This poem is meant to be read aloud and appreciated for it’s precision. Some would say â€Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass† is perhaps the most nearly perfect poem addressing nature. Also this poem itself has received a great deal of critical attention. In the opening lines, Dickinson cleverly states the subject of the poem, a snake. She makes the snake sound harmless. The term â€Å"narrow Fellow† is a nice form of colloquial language â€Å"narrow† meaning small, and â€Å"fellow† being a familiar term for boy or man. The choice of words she uses is also interesting like the word â€Å"rides† sounds like â€Å"glides†. It gives the impression that the snake is being carried, or that it is floating about. The words could also say torment, harass, of tease which would fit the snake’s sly tempter. Also the snake seems to take people by surprise. Lines five through eight describes the way a snake moves through tall grass. The grass is compared to hair and the snake is compared to a comb. The snake is quick, long, slender, and marked with spots. The snake slanders along in a ghost like manner. In the lines following nine through twelve the snake likes wet and mushy land. The corns dry environment is not suitable for the snakes wet environment therefore a snake will not be found in a corn field. The speaker mentions that he is barefoot in a childhood encounter, which the thought of a snake slithering across a humans bare skin makes many people cringe. The word â€Å"barefoot† makes the speaker seem even more vulnerable to the snake’s potential threat. In lines thirteen through sixteen the speaker continues to talk about his childhood encounter and he sees something that seems to be a whip-lash. He bends down to pick up the â€Å"whip† just to find that it is slithering away. Oddly, the definition of â€Å"wrinkle† is â€Å"a clever trick†. In these lines he was tricked by the snake for it was not what it appeared to be. The image of a snake â€Å"wrinkling† suggests the snake was frightened by the approach of the speaker. Also, in lines seventeen through twenty the speaker claims to have a connection to the outdoors and its animals. He feels close to these creatures and he describes this connection as a â€Å"transport† In lines twenty one through twenty four the speaker describes the feeling of an encounter with a snake as a moment of shock and fear. He mentions on how he had tighter breathing from the panic. Most people who has encountered with a snake has felt the fear and the panic. In the final line he describes the feeling with the metaphor â€Å"zero at the bone† referring to the bone chilling terror. The end suggest that the snake which is referred as harmless might possible be deceptive. The speaker, which suggest that he loves all animals, cannot love dangerous trickster the snake in the grass. The speaker reacts to the snake as if it were a living terror of the unknown, for it is both chilling and startling. Dickinson wrote several â€Å"riddle† type poems, where she uses metaphor to compare her subject to something, without letting you know. Each stanza has â€Å"clues† in the form of imagery, pictures such as the grass â€Å"as a comb†. â€Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass† is written in six quatrains, or stanzas of four lines each, rhyming only in the second and fourth lines. Most of the rhythms are iambic, meaning the poem has regularly recurring segments, in which the first syllable is unstressed and the second is stressed. â€Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass† can be interpreted on several levels. It could be read as just a description of the snake. Also Dickinson’s imagery can be read as sexually nuanced. Dickinson’s poetic technique is very much an art form she worked hard to refine and hone. The readers today can gain so much from Dickinson poems and her technique. She leaves so much unsaid, and yet, says so much with so little. Dickinson uses the device of sound throughout this poem; hearing this poem is as important as seeing the words. Dickinson creates both a visual and an auditory image of the snake with her language. How to cite A Narrow Fellow in the Grass – 1, Essay examples

NAZISM Essays (2384 words) - Adolf Hitler, Nazi Germany,

NAZISM The National Socialist German Workers' Party almost died one morning in 1919. It numbered only a few dozen grumblers' it had no organization and no political ideas. But many among the middle class admired the Nazis' muscular opposition to the Social Democrats. And the Nazis themes of patriotism and militarism drew highly emotional responses from people who could not forget Germany's prewar imperial grandeur. In the national elections of September 1930, the Nazis garnered nearly 6.5 million votes and became second only to the Social Democrats as the most popular party in Germany. In Northeim, where in 1928 Nazi candidates had received 123 votes, they now polled 1,742, a respectable 28 percent of the total. The nationwide success drew even faster... in just three years, party membership would rise from about 100,000 to almost a million, and the number of local branches would increase tenfold. The new members included working-class people, farmers, and middle-class professionals. They were both better educated and younger then the Old Fighters, who had been the backbone of the party during its first decade. The Nazis now presented themselves as the party of the young, the strong, and the pure, in opposition to an establishment populated by the elderly, the weak, and the dissolute. Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. As a young boy, he showed little ambition. After dropping out of high school, he moved to Vienna to study art, but he was denied the chance to join Vienna academy of fine arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmer's army as a Corporal. He was not a person of great importance. He was a creature of a Germany created by WWI, and his behavior was shaped by that war and its consequences. He had emerged from Austria with many prejudices, including a powerful prejudice against Jews. Again, he was a product of his times... for many Austrians and Germans were prejudiced against the Jews. In Hitler's case the prejudice had become maniacal it was a dominant force in his private and political personalities. Anti-Semitism was not a policy for Adolf Hitler--it was religion. And in the Germany of the 1920s, stunned by defeat, and the ravages of the Versailles treaty, it was not hard for a leader to convince millions that one element of the nation's society was responsible for most of the evils heaped upon it. The fact is that Hitler's anti-Semitism was self- inflicted obstacle to his political success. The Jews, like other Germans, were shocked by the discovery that the war had not been fought to a standstill, as they were led to believe in November 1918, but that Germany had , in fact, been defeated and was to be treated as a vanquished country. Had Hitler not embarked on his policy of disestablishing the Jews as Germans, and later of exterminating them in Europe, he could have counted on their loyalty. There is no reason to believe anything else. On the evening of November 8, 1923, Wyuke Vavaruab State Cinnussuiber Gustav Rutter von Kahr was making a political speech in Munich's sprawling B?rgerbr?ukeller, some 600 Nazis and right-wing sympathizers surrounded the beer hall. Hitler burst into the building and leaped onto a table, brandishing a revolver and firing a shot into the ceiling. "The National Revolution," he cried, "has begun!" At that point, informed that fighting had broken out in another part of the city, Hitler rushed to that scene. His prisoners were allowed to leave, and they talked about organizing defenses against the Nazi coup. Hitler was of course furious. And he was far from finished. At about 11 o'clock on the morning of November 9--the anniversary of the founding of the German Republic in 1919--3,000 Hitler partisans again gathered outside the B?rgerbr?ukeller. To this day, no one knows who fired the first shot. But a shot rang out, and it was followed by fusillades from both sides. Hermann G?ring fell wounded in the thigh and both legs. Hitler flattened himself against the pavement; he was unhurt. General Ludenorff continued to march stolidly toward the police line, which parted to let him pass through (he was later arrested, tried and acquitted). Behind him, 16

Animal identification methods Essay Example

Animal identification methods Essay Example Animal identification methods Essay Animal identification methods Essay Two plastic or metal objects with identical but individual numbers than other animals on them are joined through animals ear. The animal gets two identical tags for both ears. To identify individual animals, to record and trace their life since the moment they born to their death. The procedure might cause stress and pain. Possibility to lose tag. Freeze Branding Horses, cattle To brand using the freezing technique the iron is cooled to a temperature of between -160 to -ICC. The branding iron is then pressed onto a shaved patch of skin on the animal. Is manly used by farmers to identify animal ownership. Causes pain and stress. Marking is permanent. Ear punching Mainly Rodents. Could be used on cats and dogs. Using a special punch to produce a small (O,5-mm) notch near the edge of the ear or make a hole in the middle of the ear. Must be disinfected after procedure. To identify rodents. Manly used in laboratories. Causes pain and stress permanent. The microchip Cats, dogs, rabbits, most of the zoo animals, sometimes wild animals and birds. The microchip is implanted under an animals skin, and transmits a unique alphanumerical code when energies by the radio signal generated a scanner. To identify lost pets Or Other animals. To identify and track animals in the wild Can cause stress and pain. Permanent method of identification. Chip might move under the skin. Identification collars Companion animals The collar is placed around the neck and in most cases has small metal tag with animal information. To identify individual animals, helps to find the owners of lost animals and provides key information about the pet. Can be easily lost. Can cause damage to animal or suffocation. Acoustic tag Fish Small tag is inserted in abdominal cavity of the fish. To record fish migration and monitor fish behavior. Can cause infection and stress, in most cases the method is permanent. Ear marking (agriculture) Pigs, goats, sheep, cattle and dear. Using a special punch produce small unique notch near the edge of the ear. To identify ownership or individual animals. Causes pain and stress. Can cause infection. Permanent. Tattooing Farm animals, dogs and cats.

Types of Ignorance

Types of Ignorance Types of Ignorance Types of Ignorance By Maeve Maddox As a teacher, I am always pained when I hear ignorant used as an insult. ignorance: n. lack of knowledge Everyone is born ignorant into the world. The word ignorance is from Latin ignorantia. The prefix in means not; Old Latin gnarus means aware, acquainted with. Mere ignorance is nothing to be ashamed of. Ignorant is not a synonym for stupid. Catholic theology recognizes three categories of ignorance: invincible ignorance: lack of knowledge that a person has no way to obtain vincible ignorance: lack of knowledge that a rational person is capable of acquiring by making an effort nescience: lack of knowledge that doesnt matter in the circumstances (from Latin ne-, not plus scire, to know. In Catholic theology, invincible ignorance, whether of the law or the fact, is always a valid excuse and excludes sin. In the secular realm, however, all ignorance is seen as vincible. For logicians, the term â€Å"invincible ignorance† means â€Å"the fallacy of insisting on the legitimacy of one’s position in the face of contradictory facts.† If the facts are presented, theres no excuse to refuse to acknowledge them. The law likewise does not allow for a category of information unavailable to the lawbreaker that would forgive the breach of the law: ignorantia juris non excusat, â€Å"ignorance of the law does not excuse.† Heres a lengthier definition of the secular take on invincible ignorance from Wikipedia: invincible ignorance: a deductive Fallacy of Circularity where the person in question simply refuses to believe the argument, ignoring any evidence given. Its not so much a fallacious tactic in argument as it is a refusal to argue in the proper sense of the word, the method instead being to make assertions with no consideration of objections. Fitness expert Greg Glassman has this recommendation for dealing with invincible ignorance: some simply cannot be swayed toward your way of thinking, so don’t try. †¦you’re probably best to walk away from a pointless debate. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing Prompts 10155 Boxing Idioms20 Ways to Laugh

CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

CSR - Essay Example This report explores corporate social responsibility in different organizational and national contexts focusing on its six core characteristics, theoretical avenues and the diversity of theoretical concepts in CSR. With a firm foundation and understanding of CSR, the final section focuses on Nike’s current strategic approaches to fulfilling their responsibility to the public. Upon evaluating this, there are recommendations on how Nike could develop their overall CSR strategy for better results. Corporate Social Responsibility, Core Characteristics and Theoretical Avenues Today Due to multiple advancements in technology and the corporate world, CSR is an important facilitator of attaining organizational objectives, and vision for the stakeholders. Nonetheless, there are factors that companies still neglect such as improvement of workers, the public and the external settings of the organization. Definitely, these factors require extended attention since they are among the core determinants of the CSR policies and programs’ success according to the multiple stakeholder orientation and internalizing or managing externalities characteristics. The CSR concept helps an organization have an impact on the external environments and the community overcoming segregation and focusing on the economic bodies; however, the concept works when the societal and virtuous aspects of the corporation are not among the core determinants of CSR development (Agarwal, 2013). Initially, corporations used CSR as a tool for competition with the core objectives revolving around market dominance, extended financial gains and survival over the rest of the competition as opposed to the alignment of social and economic responsibilities concept that integrates profitability and corporate social responsibility. However, through vast studies and debate on the CSR topic, the corporate world has developed with most of the companies focusing on how their business can have significance in the

Answer 2 Q only Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answer 2 Q only - Essay Example They are no longer adequate in advancing the brand. It has to be remembered that in an effective IMC unites the organization’s marketing effort to be able to have a clear and coherent message about the company and its products that is represented by its brand. TV, Radio, Bill-Board or Newsprint and Sales Promotion as marketing medium while effective in creating and reinforcing a brand, is no longer as potent as it used to be. Consumers are getting sophisticated and are now highly diversified that traditional media no longer suffices in delivering brand. New mediums such as web presence should be included in creating a brand in modern marketing keep the marketing effort of a company relevant and updated. Web presence does not only reaches the most number of people at the least cost but is also effective in creating an identity of the product through its various features. It adds value to the brand not just be efficiently delivering brand information to the market but also by delivering the right message to the market crucial in creating a brand. It can also consolidate the marketing efforts of Nestle such as in its website www.nestle.com where its web presence was able to consolidate its presence around the world giving the market a clearer picture of the brand and its reach. Q3. Find a celebrity who is currently appearing in an advertisement for a particular company and/or its brand, and then use McCrackens Meaning Transfer Model shown in Figure 6-4 to analyze the use of this individual as an endorser/spokesperson for the company and/or brand. How valuable is McCrackens model to the field of celebrity endorsement? The classic example of a celebrity who is currently appearing in an advertisement for a particular company and/or its brand that uses McCrackens Meaning Transfer Model is Manny Pacquiao, the 8 Division World Champion in Boxing. His magnificent rose from

Bland-Altman Agreement Analysis in Laboratory Research

Bland-Altman Agreement Analysis in Laboratory Research Use of Bland-Altman agreement analysis in laboratory research: A survey of current reporting standards. Introduction- Advances in technology have led to development of new instruments and measurement devices in field of medicine. The clinicians and researchers often need to compare a newer method of measurement with an established one, to check for interchangeability. While assessing for interchangeability the emphasis should be on testing how well two methods agree with each other. Earlier Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was used as a measure of agreement[R]. However the approach was inappropriate as this coefficient merely indicated association rather than agreement [R]. Hence Bland and Altman in their series of publications[R] stressed on quantification of bias. They provided a simpler and visually attractive plot for agreement analysis of continuous variables measured on the same scale.[R] After its introduction to medical literature in 1983, the Bland-Altman’s (B-A) method [R] is one of most commonly used statistical method for agreement analysis. The method is extensively used in evaluating the agreement of laboratory analytes, physiological variables, newer instruments and other devices. B-A method[R] advocates the construction of a scatter plot, where the absolute difference between the paired measurements is plotted on y-axis against the mean of two methods on x-axis. The SD of differences between paired measurements is then used to construct 95% limits of agreement (as  ± 1.96 SD). The 95% of differences between paired measurements are expected to lie between these upper and lower LOA. The conclusions on agreement and interchangeability of two methods are then made based upon the width of these LOA in comparison to a priori defined clinical criteria[R]. The plot also enables the researcher to visually assess the bias, data scatter and the relationship between magnitude of difference and size of measurement. Often in biologic systems data scatter and the magnitude of differences increases proportionally to the size of the measurement (hetero-scedastic distribution). Bland and Altman recommended the logarithmic or percentage transformation of data in case of heter o-scedastic distribution and then constructing B-A plot with transformed data[R] instead of classical absolute difference plot. Contrary to conventional statistical hypothesis testing, the output of B-A analysis consists of bias and LOA, both of which are estimates[R]. The estimates have inherent risk of sampling error and hence the authors suggested calculation of confidence interval (CI) of bias and LOA. The method also advocated the collection of data in replicates. Replicates are defined as two or more measurements on the same individual by the same method, taken in identical conditions. Replicates enable the comparison of the agreement between the two methods with the agreement each method has to itself (repeatability) [R] B-A also advocated for sample size calculations on in method comparison studies[R]. Despite its simplicity and frequent use in clinical laboratory research, the B-A method is not properly interpreted and reported in medical literature. Studies [R]conducted a decade ago highlighted poor reporting standards of B-A method, however there is paucity of current information on the same. Furthermore, uniform statistical reporting of results not only increases the generalizability of results, but also facilitates the inclusion of studies in systemic reviews and meta-analysis. Hence the aim of study was to review the current reporting standards of B-A method in laboratory research in medical literature. Material and methods- Three researchers (VC, RB, and SK) participated in this study. All researchers were qualified health professionals. VC and SK had previous experience of publishing laboratory research [R] with use of B- A agreement analysis. Eligibility criteria- Studies which tested agreement of laboratory analytes with continuous measurements, as per B-A methodology were included. Literature search- A thorough search of PUBMED, MEDLINE and GOOGLE SCHOLAR was conducted for studies published in years 2012 and 2013. The search strings used to search potential studies were â€Å"Agreement analysis† AND/OR â€Å"Bland Altman analysis† (MeSH) and â€Å"Laboratory analytes† and â€Å"clinical biochemistry† (MeSH). Included studies were evaluated according to Bland and Altman methodology on a predesigned checklist. The studies were evaluated for following 8 items: (1.) Measures of repeatability (2.) Representation and correct definition of LOA (3.) Correct representation of x-axis on BA plot (4.) Reporting of CI of LOA (5.) Comparison of limits of agreement with a priori defined clinical criteria (6.) Evaluation of pattern of relationship between difference (y-axis) and average (x-axis) (7.) Use of logarithmic or percentage conversion of data in case of heteroscedastic relationship between the difference and average (8.) Sample size calcula tions. Each item on the checklist was rated as ‘Yes’or ‘No’. We also recorded the data on use of other statistical methods for testing of agreement. However, we did not perform detailed evaluation of included studies for other statistical methods of agreement. To ensure accurate data retrieval, each included study was evaluated twice by one author (VC) and data recorded on predesigned checklist. Opinion was taken from second author (SKK) in case of confusion arising during data extraction. We compared the results of our study with 3 similar surveys done earlier. Results- A total of 156 studies were screened for potential inclusion in the study. A total of 50 studies, were retrieved and included in the final study. The 38% of included studies were published in journals of various streams of internal medicine, while 30%, 26% and 6% were published in journals of laboratory medicine, emergency medicine, anaesthesia respectively. Results of survey and its comparison to three previous studies are as shown in Table-1.The other statistical methods used in addition to B-A plot in included studies were correlation coefficient (70%), Deming Regression(14%), Passing Bablok regression (14%), linear regression (24%), Lin’s Concordance (8%), Sensitivity specificity analysis (16%), Interclass correlation coefficient (6%), Grid error plot (10%), Critchley polar plots (2%). Discussion- Use of B-A for method comparison has increased in recent years with most of authors using it for analysing agreement. The original paper on agreement analysis by B-A[R] is among one of most cited statistical publication, with more than 34000 citations. Although claimed as a method which is simpler to perform and interpret, the method is often used and interpreted without proper understanding. Review by Berthelsen et al[R] in 2006 and earlier studies[R] demonstrated unsatisfactory reporting of B-A analyses, in anaesthesiology literature. Williamson et al[R] proposed a method of meta-analysis of method comparison studies, however authors also highlighted the problem of non-uniform reporting of studies. [R] Twomey et al [R] suggested use of method hierarchy for selection of x-axis and advocated use of gold standard method as x-axis in B-A plot. However Bland and Altman statistically proved that use of any single method instead of average of two methods as x-axis is misguided and leads to misinterpretation[R]. Results of our study suggest that 94% of studies reported x-axis correctly, which is almost similar to results of earlier studies conducted by Mantha et al (94%) [R] and Dewitt et al (87%) [R]. although most method comparison computer softwares (analyse it, Graphpad Prism, EP evaluator) automatically select x-axis as mean of two methods, errors in selection of x-axis are still noticed. The 95% LOA were correctly defined and drawn in 94 %( 47) of included studies. Further among 47 studies with correct definition of LOA, the 3 studies interpreted LOA wrongly concluding good agreement because 95 % of differences were present in-between upper and lower LOA. The 95 % LOA are in-fact drawn so as to contain 95% of differences between them. It is not LOA per se, but width of these LOA in comparison to a priori defined clinical criteria that conclusions regarding agreements can be made. The decision on acceptable differences between two methods is primarily clinical rather than statistical. Earlier studies by Dewitte et al [R]and Mantha et al[R] had shown that comparison with pre-defined clinical criteria was missing in >90% of studies. Total 74 % of authors in our study commented on agreement on basis of predefined clinical criteria which represents a significant improvement in reporting standards. The specifications for clinical acceptance criteria of laboratory analytes have been provided as by Ricos et al[R], CLSI[R], and West guard QC[R]. Alternatively a Delphi survey (expert opinion) can be done to determine acceptable limits before instituting study. The CI limits of LOA were reported in only 6% of included studies in our study. The LOA are estimates and reporting LOA without CI is equivalent to reporting a sample mean without its CI. The CI limits [Ludbrook et al] represent the range within which a single, new, observation taken from the same population would be expected to lie. Although strongly recommended by B-A[R], and subsequently proved by a simulation study conducted by Hamilton et al[R], the statistical reporting of CI of LOA has remained poor (Mantha et al-2.6%) [R]. Although recommended by B-A method, the pattern of relationship between difference and wider concentration range is rarely evaluated[R]. Drawing difference plot with parallel LOA in datasets with heteroscedastic scatter makes LOA wider in lower concentration range and narrower in higher concentration range thus affecting validity of interpretation. [R] Bland and Altman [R]proposed logarithmic transformation of data with heteroscedasticy and then constructing difference plot against average of two methods using log transformed data. For meaningful understanding of LOA, they suggested back-transformation (antilog) of the log transformed data. Alternatively[R] plot of ratios of two methods or percent difference can be plotted against average of two methods for simpler interpretation. Transformation of data usually renders the scatter of differences as uniform (Homoscedastic). Twomey et al[R] recommended the drawing up of funnel shaped or V shaped LOA instead of classical parallel LOA in data sets with heteroscedastic scatter. Another option is breaking the data into smaller subsets and then analysing these subsets with absolute difference plot to make conclusions. [Twomey et al] We observed that only 28 % of studies made an attempt at evaluation of pattern of scatter. Rest of authors did not comment on pattern thus affecting the validity of results. Another important problem noticed was lack of assessment of repeatability (38%), a practice that has not shown any substantial improvement Table-1. Conclusions drawn from studies without repeatability assessment are likely to be uncertain. Assessment of errors of the two methods (repeatability) enables the construction of the worst-case acceptable LOA. [R] With poor repeatability of one or both methods, the agreement between the two methods is bound to be unacceptable. [R] Sample size calculations were done in only 15 studies. Lack of power and sample size analysis reduces validity of results. Different researchers have proposed sample size calculation for method comparison studies using Bayesian[R], regression[R], or concordance [R] approach. However Stockl et al[R] proposed an approach incorporating CI of LOA and predefined error limits in B-A plot. The approach is simple and allows for visual interpretation of appropriate sample size, as the classical B-A plot provides for agreement. Despite a lot of research on B-A method in field of statistics, the uptake of the method in medical research has been slow. While efforts are on in statistical community for use of modifications of B-A plot in special situations like repeated measure studies[R] or using bar charts in B-A plots with limited value ranges[R], unfortunately reporting standards of classical B-A method among medical community are unacceptable. Guidelines â€Å"Reporting reliability and Agreement Studies (GRRAS)† were published as a guide to appropriate reporting of reliability and agreement studies. We found unsatisfactory reporting of B-A analysis in our study.

Concept map

Take for example, peer pressure from bad associates. They eight pressure us to ditch classes, cheat, drink alcohols, smoke, try taking drugs and influence us to disobey our parents. Another is peer pressure from our own wrong desires. Its given since in our teenage stage, we youth are adventurous. We wanted to try something new we haven't experience yet and we crave on something we don't have. Thus, being attentive can help us to caution ourselves from dangers.If we see troubles coming in our way, don't walk right in to it find another way. Secondly, think about the consequences. Why not ask yourself? For instance: How lives feel later if I give in? What may be the outcome? How can it affect the others, specially, to your love ones? Remember, bible says at Proverbs 14: 1 5, smart people watch their steps. Doing right decisions requires a lot of time to meditate. For this, we just don't jump in to any conclusions. Use your imaginations.Third step, we must plan ahead. Proverbs 24: 5, à ¢â‚¬Ëœwith knowledge a man increases his power'. If we know why we don't do those something and the reasons why it's bad, we can have the strength to say No. There are two ways to do that, strengthen your convictions and seek good explanations. Know how to distinguish right from wrong and give them the right reason for them to to bother you again. Finally the fourth step, take action. Now, we don't have to lecture them. Just say ‘No', clearly and confident.Stand firm in our beliefs for they are not theories but facts. Granted that, those beliefs are all according from the scriptures. Each time we show determinants to resist pressure, we grow strong and stronger. It'll be easier for us to resist peer pressure the next time. Therefore, reacting to peer's pressure depends on us. If we remain weak and unable to stand firm, well never get rid of it. Yes, they are inevitable but by following those steps, you'll see things differently.

7 Extreme Activities Every Student Must Try

You live only once – this phrase may sound a bit clichà ©d, but it doesn’t make it any less true. When you are at college it may seem that your whole life is ahead of you, with innumerable exciting activities to try out, things to do and people to meet. However, after you graduate you are not very likely to have enough free time for yourself and pursuing your dreams for a very, very long time. Looking for a job, climbing up a career ladder, earning money to support yourself and, later, your family – all this is going to take its toll, first of all – in terms of time. This means that right now, when you are still at college and have relatively few responsibilities may be the best time for you to try some extreme activities – for if you put them off, you may never get around to them. 1.  Zip Lining Zip lining is gliding down a zip cord stretched between two points at a considerable height. Great speed, whistling of air in your ears and excitement from passing over the scenery – that’s what it is all about. Another reason why it is perfectly suited for students is that it requires you neither to have and maintain your equipment nor to spend a great deal of money. Zip lines are easy to find and are rather cheap to try out. 2.  Parachuting Jumping off a plane at a great height combines two important aspects: it is incredibly exciting while being relatively safe. While falling down several thousands of meters may not be your idea of safety, it is actually far less dangerous than many activities that don’t require you to leave ground. 3.  Hang Gliding Hang gliding is probably the closest a human being is ever going to get to feeling what it is like to be a bird. You simply glide through air and leave all your problems down on the ground. 4.  Base Jumping Base jumping is known as one of the most extreme of the extreme sports. And for a good reason – jumping of tall buildings of cliffs with a special rapidly deploying parachute requires excellent reflexes and perfectly maintained equipment. But the adrenaline rush you feel in the process is unsurpassed by anything as well. 5.  White-Water Rafting Another choice not for the faint of heart, white-water rafting. It requires good physical condition and stamina, ability to work in a team and ability to make quick decisions. If you meet all these requirements you are not going to forget this ride in a hurry. 6.  Mount Biking Although also rather dangerous and demanding, mount biking is one of the most accessible extreme sports out there. All you need to have is a bike capable of passing difficult terrain, a good trail and, preferably, a company that will look out for each other. 7.  Cliff Jumping Cliff jumping is for those who are tired of using jumping boards. Just make sure you know what you are doing – people sometimes kill themselves by unwittingly jumping down in too shallow places. So, if you’ve been putting off something from this list – why not try it out right now? Who knows when you are going to have another opportunity?

Hamlet Analytical Essay About Style - 834 Words

Hamlet has style. Hamlet as in the play, not the character, and style not in terms of fashion and knowing how to dress, but as in the combination of different literary elements in order to capture that certain elegance in one’s writing. Shakespeare implements these various literary devices for the purpose of enhancing his writing, typically to emphasize a specific point or to set a certain mood for a scene. In passages that are important in the play there are usually an abundance of these devices. Ones that are more easily detectable and obvious, then there are also ones that are more subtle and sophisticated. Soliloquies are often places where emphasis is needed and thus a majority of the time they are full of literary devices. A†¦show more content†¦But sure that sense /Is apoplexed, for madness would not err, /Nor sense to ecstasy was neer so thralled, /But it reserved some quantity of choice /To serve in such a difference† (3.4.73-8). Hamlet is saying that he knows his mother has sense, but her sense must be disabled right now because even a crazy person would be able to see the difference between Hamlet and Claudius, which is basically saying that Gertrude has less judgment than someone who is insane. â€Å"Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight, /Ears without hands or eyes, smelling sans all, /Or but a sickly part of one true sense /Could not so mope.† Hamlet is exaggerating again and saying that even a person who only had one of her five senses could have made a better decision than she did. In addition to the repetition and use of hyperbole Shakespeare also alludes to direct us to see certain people in a good or bad way and uses metaphors and similes to describe specific people and to create an image for us. Hamlet is describing his father when he says, â€Å"See, what a grace was seated on this brow? /Hyperion’s curls, the front of Jove himself, /An eye like Mars to threaten and command, /A station like the herald Mercury.† He compares his own father to gods, and claims he had similar features to some of them and possessed skills of others. Hyperion is one of the twelve Titans, Jove is also known as Jupiter, who is king of the gods, Mars is the god of war, and Mercury is the messenger god and also ofShow MoreRelatedI Am Writing At The Spring 2015 Semester Of Mrs. Miller s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College1577 Words   |  7 PagesGroup. We also had access to Smarthinking, an online tutorial website that was very helpful in developing my work. I have i ncluded here the handouts that I found most helpful in organizing my essays, and the drafts and final revisions for the four projects completed this semester. 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The United Nations has designated 2001-2010 as the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children ofRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesAmerican Literature through Time To find out more about a particular literature time period, click on the links below: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Puritan Times Rationalism/Age of Enlightenment American Renaissance/Romanticism Gothic Realism Naturalism Modernism Harlem Renaissance Postmodernism Contemporary Puritan Times period of American Literature - 1650-1750 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · errand into the wilderness be a city upon a hill Christian utopia Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · sermons, diaries personal narrativesRead MoreTrobriand Islanders-Malinowski and Weiner10855 Words   |  44 Pagespolitics of Europeans looking at Trobriand others, but also a transformation of Trobriand realities. Weiner herself is not unaware of either anthropological or Trobriand history. 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Ancient Greece And Ancient China - 810 Words

Ancient civilizations are a big part of history but we wouldn’t know them as they are today without them going through and facing all the problems. China and Greece had many of the same problems but solved them differently. I believe that Greeks solved their problems in a better way than Chinese. Ancient Greece was a very powerful and thrived. The empire of Ancient Greece spread over Europe all the way to France. Ancient Greece has a big influence on what we have today. For example, we get many different kinds of art and architecture from Ancient Greece. The columns on the White House have the same kind on the acropolis. Athens and Sparta are most famous out of all the cities in Greece. Ancient Chinese are known for accomplishing great structures such as the Great Wall of China and many temples. China had many different emperors during Ancient China times. Like nowadays China was a great country that thrived. Many things we use now is made from ancient chinese and they still make almost everything we own. Ancient Greece and Ancient China had many differences but were also alike in some ways. They were similar because the both treated woman with little or no respect. Woman had hardly if any say and will in what they did. They are also similar for their economy. They both thrived in trade and had many trade routes. Trade made them wealthier than ever. Though these two ancient civilization have much in common they also were different in many ways. For example, theyShow MoreRelatedAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Ancient China and Ancient Greece were two vastly different civilizations with different cultures; they shared a multitude of similar political, economic, and philosophical achievements while also inholding multiple differences. The centralized government of China differed from the independent city-states of Athens. 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Psychological Affects of End-of-Life Care Free Essays

As people approach the end of their lives, they with their families and their caregivers, face many tasks and decisions. They may be psychological, spiritual, or medical in nature, but all end-of-life choices and medical decisions have complex psychological components, ramifications, and consequences that have a significant impact on the suffering patients and their caregivers. Hospice is a special healthcare option for patients and families faced with a terminal illness. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Affects of End-of-Life Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now At Hospice there’s a multidisciplinary team of physicians, nurses social workers, bereavement counselors and volunteers that work together to address the physical, social, emotional and spiritual needs of each patient and family members (â€Å"Hospice†). The main focus of Hospice is to address the issues that are most important to the patients’ needs or wants at the end of his/her life. The term â€Å"Hospice† comes from medieval times when it referred to a place of shelter and rest for weary or ill travelers on a long journey (Hospice). The name was first applied to specialized care for dying patients by Physician Dame Cicely Saunders, who began her work with the terminally ill in 1948 and eventually went on to create the first modern hospice—St. Christopher’s Hospice—in a residential suburb of London (National). Her lecture, given to medical students, nurses, social workers, and chaplains about the concept of holistic hospice care, included photos of terminally ill cancer patients and their families, showing the dramatic differences before and after the symptom control care. This later resulted in the development of hospice care as you know it today (National). Caregiving is associated with physical, psychological, and financial burdens. Hospice nurses perform many traditional nursing duties such as observing, assessing, and recording symptoms. They still work closely with physicians, administering medications and providing emotional support, although psychologists do not have much of a presence in the hospice movement. Medications that hospice nurses administer and the symptoms they record are not intended to aid a patient in his or her recovery, but rather to make his or her remaining days as comfortable as possible (â€Å"Hospice†). Being a nurse of any kind is very difficult, but dealing every day with a dying patient requires an  extraordinary temperament, one that symbolizes great caring and patience (â€Å"Career†). It can be especially trying on nurses to attend patients who are as young as or younger than the nurse themselves are. Palliative care highlights the total well-being of the patient as well as that of loved ones and caregivers. The caregiver is there to listen, support, encourage, comfort and help the patient. Their goal is to prevent, treat, or eliminate discomfort whenever and, however it appears, never about giving up hope (â€Å"Career†). Every caregiver may be required to provide a variety of care tasks including physical, emotional, and practical. Research shows that families find personal care to be the most physically and emotionally challenging aspect of caregiving. Emotional care involves listening, talking, reading, or playing music (Collins). Providing the kind and loving companionship that patient may need during the end-of-life process. Handling insurance and other legal matters, taking care of financial concerns such as paying bills, coordinating visits with loved ones, friends and hospice staff is all a part of practical care (Collins). Along with discussing and ensuring that all of the patients’ wishes are carried out if also the healthcare power of attorney (â€Å"What†). In 2009; 66 million Americans (3 in 10 U.S. Households) reported at least one person providing unpaid care as a family caregiver (Collins). Under Medicare, hospice is primarily a program of care delivered in a person’s home by a Medicare – approved hospice. Reasonable and necessary medical and support services for the management of a terminal illness are furnished under a plan-of-care established by the beneficiary’s attending physician and the hospice team (Berry13). Hospice care is available under Medicare only if: the patient is approved for Medicare Part A, the patient’s doctor and the hospice medical director certify that the patient is terminally ill with six months or less to live if the disease runs its expected course, the patient signs a statement choosing hospice care instead of standard Medicare benefits for the terminal illness, or the patient receives care from a Medicare-approved hospice program (â€Å"Hospice†). Hospice care can be provided by an agency or organization that is primarily engaged in furnishing services to terminally ill individuals and their families. To receive Medicare payment, the agency or organization must be approved by Medicare to provide hospice services (Berry15). Approval for hospice is required even if the agency or  organization is already approved by Medicare to provide other kinds of health services. Medicare pays the hospice directly at specified rates depending on the type of care given each day. The hospice can charge five percent of the reasonable cost, up to a maximum of five dollars, for each prescription for outpatient drugs or biological for pain relief and symptom management related to the terminal illness (Collins). When Medicare beneficiaries choose hospice care, they give up the right to standard Medicare benefits only for treatment of the terminal illness. If the patient, who must have Part A in order to use the Medicare hospice benefit, also has Medicare Part B, he or she can use all appropriate Medicare Part A and Part B benefits for the treatment of health problems unrelated to the terminal illness. When standard benefits are used, the patient is responsible for Medicare’s deductible and coinsurance amounts (Berry 14). All services required for treatment of the terminal illness must be provided by or through the hospice. If not through the hospice then Medicare will not pay for treatment for the terminal illness which is not for symptom management and pain control. If you receive care given by another healthcare provider that was not arranged by the patients’ hospice or if the patient is receiving duplicate care Medicare will no longer fund in the patients’ healthcare (Berry14). When a patient is expected to live six months or less is when hospice is referred. Although many hospice patients have cancer as their primary diagnosis, hospice provides care to patients of all ages who are dealing with any potentially life-limiting illness, including Alzheimer’s, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dementia, and emphysema. Once the patient has been diagnosed and chooses hospice care, this can generally take place at home or as in-patient care. Hospice neither prolongs life nor hastens death, but controls pain and discomfort allowing a person to live as fully and comfortably as possible during life’s final journey (â€Å"Career†). Pain control is one of the central goals of hospice care. Every person facing a serious illness hopes for as little pain as possible. Fortunately, with advances in modern medicine, physical suffering can now be almost entirely manages, and in some cases eliminated. From the legal standpoint, the federal guidelines regulating hospice require the hospice to make every reasonable effort to assure that the patient’s pain is controlled (Berry3). Most state laws governing hospice  also make pain control a primary and required component of hospice care. The hospice Interdisciplinary Team and the hospice Registered Nurse case manager are focused on making sure the patient is comfortable. The Attending Physician who orders all medications should be focused on the same goal, and in many cases does see to it that the patient is kept comfortable. Unfortunately, for varying reasons, some physicians may not order the needed medications to adequately control the patient’s pain (Berry4). In these cases, the hospice staff must intervene to protect the patient and make sure the patient gets what is needed to control pain. The hospice Medical Director, being a physician, has the authority to give medical orders and can intervene to provide the patient with the needed medications. In fact, the hospice Medical Director is required by law to make sure the patient’s medical needs are met; these needs include medication for pain (Berry4). When dealing with patients and families in hospice care, the psychological and social needs of both patients and family members must be met in order to improve the quality of life throughout the dying process. Many caregivers and loved ones feel overwhelmed by the fact that end-of-life may be near for someone they love; you have to have realization that the patient is not going to get any better despite your best care. It may bring feelings of frustration, anger, sadness, grief and loss to the family of the patient (â€Å"What†). Ignoring feelings of depression, anxiety, confusion or delirium can be harmful†¦ Expressing can be freeing. 48 children and spousal caregivers of hospice patients and 36 controls were evaluated shortly before deaths of their loved ones and again at 2, 7, and 13 months after their deaths. All subjects were administered the Hamilton Raitina Scale for depression, symptom innovatory and the Texas Revised instrument of Grief (Dutton 30). Caring for a loved one who is nearing death can be important time of growth for caregivers. Experience can bring a deep sense of joy and satisfaction in having helped to make a loved one’s last days happier, and more peaceful. Studies indicate that the majority of patients would like their spiritual issues addressed. Spirituality has to do with respecting the inherent value and dignity of all patients. It is very important for the patients’ beliefs to be known to healthcare workers so the patient is not disrespected in any way by the healthcare worker (Karnes2). Patients tend to become more spiritually connected during end-of-life care because they are  nearing the end of their journey. Families are impacted emotionally and spiritually and will be grieving the loss of their lived one whereas their journey is beginning (Karnes6). When a loved one dies, mourning is an essential step in the healing process for those suffering the pain and confusion of loss (Karnes8). Counselors work with clients to validate the experience of grief, find the strength and coping skills, and eventually regain a sense of hope (Karnes7). While grief is very personal, there are many common experiences that accompany the death of a loved one. Talking with a counselor helps clients learn more about the natural process of grief and identify areas of strength and support, as well as areas of potential growth (Collins). Grief support group sessions provide the opportunity for people to meet others who are experiencing similar losses. Grief that accompanies the death of a loved one often comes in waves-and sometimes those waves arrive in the days and weeks that follow. At other times, it may be months-or even years- before the reality of the loss sinks in (Karnes11). Family members may also be grieving over the fact that financial issues may accompany them after their loved one passes. There is always help for any patient or family member in need. After learning more about Hospice and the care that they provide it’s more of a â€Å"safe haven† and a place of comfort for you or your loved ones that are passing. Many others would personally choose hospice as their end-of-life care. How to cite Psychological Affects of End-of-Life Care, Essays

Pablo Neruda free essay sample

Throughout Neruda’s poetry, evidence of his participation in modernist activity is easily located. His political ideas also encouraged the modernist design of new reform amongst the people. Neruda was born on July 12, 1904 in Parral, Chile. At the age of 13 he published his first work in the local daily newspaper. From 1918 to mid-1920 he published numerous poems such as ‘Mis Ojos† and essays in local magazines. In 1921 he moved to Santiago with intentions of becoming a teacher but ended up with poetry. Pablo was known as a communist in Chile, due to his political views and literature. Due to that he was exiled from Chile for some time. During his mourning over not being in his native country, he wrote a lot of poetry in name of Chile. One of those being, â€Å"If You Forget Me†. Throughout his lifetime Neruda married three times and divorced twice. Pablo also was awarded for his literary and political work. We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Neruda or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1938 Neruda was appointed special consul for Spanish immigration in Paris. In 1970 Pablo also won the Nobel Prize. Some of his Literary Works and Publications consist of â€Å"Residence on Earth†, â€Å"The House at Isla Negra†. â€Å"The YellowHeart†, and â€Å"The Stones of Chile†. (â€Å"Pablo Neruda† Poetswww. poets. org) (â€Å"Pablo Neruda† Wikipediawww. wikipedia. ord/wiki/Pablo_Neruda) ? â€Å"If You Forget Me† was written in 1952 while Neruda had been exiled from his country. Although it has been rumored that this poem was written for his last love Matilde Urrutia, it really wasn’t. He wrote it in honor of his passion for Chile. The content of this poem discusses the speaker’s love and passion towards something. The theme is oriented around the consequences of not loving the speaker back and how the speaker feels for the referred person. This poem isn’t too out of the ordinary because of its neatly written in stanzas. This poem has tons of imagery, repetition, alliteration, similes, metaphors, personifications, syntax, parallelism, hyperboles, and irony. The imagery in this poem describes different objects to help support the show of his feelings. For example, â€Å"†¦as if everything thatexists aromas, light, metals, were little boats that sail toward those isles of yours that wait for me. † The line, â€Å"ah, my love, ah my own† is used as figurative language in this form to evoke an emotion or image to the readers. The tone of the poem seems to be a bit demanding and saddening to me. The demeaning side shows when the speaker would tell his â€Å"lover† to not come back if the feelings between them would ever change. My first reaction of this poem led to me thinking the speaker was mostly depressed but after analyzing it. Thoroughly I spotted the demeaning side of the speaker. ?According to the two literary criticisms that I found on this poem, they both spoke about the confession of his love to a significant other, the fact that the speaker would make sacrifices for his â€Å"lover†. What is not too common in knowledge of this poem is that it is written about Pablo’s native country, Chile. He was exiled to Isla Negra and it was there where his inspiration and mourning over Chile came into play. During this time Pablo’s themes were political, saturated, dreamy, and passionate. If You Forget Me† really stood out as being extremely passionate. The following lines explains whether he lives in peace or danger, whenever he is abroad he is always thinking of his homeland of Chile. â€Å"If I look at the crystal moon, at the red branch of the slow autumn at my window, if I touch near the fire the impalpable ash or the wrinkled body of the log, everything carries me to you. † (Reyes â€Å"If You Forget Me†Blogspot www. reyesjacilyn. blogspot. com). Neruda explains other feelings in these next lines of the third stanza, â€Å"Well, now, if little by little. The words ‘little by little’ indicate that the longer he must endure such hostility the less is his affection for his country. Throughout the poem you can tell that it was written in forgiveness for having to leave. Neruda returned to Chile in 1952, which was the same year of the birth of this poem. He remained living in his homeland for the rest of his life. He ended up dying o f heart failure in 1973. â€Å"Pablo Neruda was known as a great man and a brilliant poet, his work will never be forgotten. † (â€Å"Boatrannn’s Blog: If You Forget Me† WordPresswww. boatrannn. wordpress. com). ?

The Boldness Of Courage Essays - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

The Boldness of Courage ?You're the Devil's man!? (118), Mary Warren cried out when she accused John Proctor of working for the devil. Courage is defined as mental or moral strength to face danger without fear. This is supported in Arthur Miller's The Crucible. Throughout the Salem witch trials in the 1600's, courage was that good people held in to, even through the toughest times. To illustrate this, an example of someone with courage is John Proctor. Proctor is a farmer with a wife, Elizabeth, and three young boys. He quietly suffers from guilt caused by an affair he had with a young woman named Abigail Williams. He is contrite and solicitous in his wife's presence, and he yearns to regain her respect. John shows his courage when he has to make a life and death decision to lie and say that he is involved in witchcraft, which will prevent his execution, or to deny being a witch and be hanged. Proctor, after being questioned by Judge Danforth about being involved in witchcraft, stated that he was. Danforth was then having Proctor sign a confession, but he argued with Danforth saying, ? I have confessed myself! Is there no good penitence but it be in public? God does not need my name nailed upon the church! God sees my name; God knows how black my sins are!? (142). When Danforth would not give up the argument with Proctor to sign the confession, he asked, ?Then explain to me, Mr. Proctor, why will you not let me have it? ? (143), Proctor answered, ? Because it is my name... Because I lie and sign myself to lies!... I have given you my soul; leave me my name!? (143). Danforth then explained to Proctor, if the confession was a lie, he would not accept it. Proctor, with his breast heaving and his eyes staring, he tore the confession and crumpled it up, while he wept in fury. Danforth then ordered for him to be hung ? high over the town ? (143). John Proctor showed courage for his friends and family and by doing it, helped put an end to the unfair courts of Salem. Another good example of with a good deal of courage is Giles Corey. Giles is a 83-year old landowner who is sturdy, mettlesome, and fiercely independent. He's unenlightened and pig-headed, but at the same time, warm-hearted and undaunted. He reveals himself to be a great man of awesome courage and will when he would not answer ?aye or nay to his indictment? (135). When Elizabeth Proctor was telling her husband, John, about it, she explained, ? great stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. They say he give them two words. ? More weight', he says. And died. ? (135). Giles Corey's wife, Martha, and all of his friends, had already been convicted of witchcraft, so he had probably decided that he had nothing to live for. Giles humbly protested the one-sided courts by sacrificing himself as an example to his friends to stay strong and to not give up in what they believed is wrong. John Proctor could have easily used Giles Corey as an example, because Proctor learned of Giles' death before he had to make his decision of confessing or being executed. The next courageous person in The Crucible is Reverend John Hale. Reverend Hale is the church authority on demonology. He is summoned to Salem to find out if Reverend Parris' daughter Betty, who is suffering from an unexplained illness, has been hexed by witchcraft. Reverend Hale is proud of his scholarly expertise, and is glad to come to Salem to give his professional input on the situation. He displayed acts of courage when he got extremely frustrated about how unjust and ridiculous Danforth and the trials were, so he stood up and yelled, ? I denounce these proceedings, I quit this court! ? (120). Reverend Hale then comes back later to help those convicted by trying to persuade them to confess and live, rather than be hanged. By doing this, Reverend Hale shows great moral courage. He gives up everything he has worked for in his demonology career by going against the court, and trying to persuade innocent people to confess because he feels horribly responsible for bringing the hysteria to Salem. Reverend Hale is one of

Response Paper 3

Response Paper 3 Response Paper 3 Response to Jospeh Reidy’s â€Å"Black Men in Navy Blue During the Civil War† The American Civil War era is well known to be the catalyst for major changes in the country. It resulted in the union of the previously opposing Northern and Southern states, the solidification of the importance of the armed forces, and the abolishment of slavery as a legalized institution. Reidy’s article places its focus on the last, and what is considered to be one of the most important, results of the Civil War. He makes the argument that change was not a sudden shift that occurred when Abraham Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation, and that the case of the United States Navy was one that deserved to be more closely investigated. When a typical American is asked about the status of black military men on the side of the Union, the typical response tends to be that the group was generally a small minority, used for the lowest jobs, and were generally slaves that escaped from the Confederate states in a bid for freedom. While these ideas are based on reality, Reidy shows that the role and presence of black men in various Naval units differed from the Military units in dramatic ways. Firstly, the Navy was racially integrated, combining men of all different races upon single boats. Regarding the issue of the proportion of black men to white men, Reidy turns up some interesting facts. He finds that by the end of the war in 1864, a good twenty percent of the Navy was made up of black men, in